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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38101</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmj38101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE INTESTINAL STROMAL CELLS: IDENTIFICATION, ORIGIN, FUNCTIONS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИНТЕСТИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТРОМАЛЬНЫЕ КЛЕТКИ: ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ, ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ, ФУНКЦИИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayanskaiya</surname><given-names>I. V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маянская</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Mayansky37@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Potekhin</surname><given-names>P. P</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потехин</surname><given-names>П. П</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashkenazi</surname><given-names>V. I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашкинази</surname><given-names>В. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkatcheva</surname><given-names>N. I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкачева</surname><given-names>Н. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goganova</surname><given-names>A. Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гоганова</surname><given-names>А. Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Nizhny Novgorod research institute of children gastroenterology of Minzdrav of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Нижегородский научно-исследовательский институт детской гастроэнтерологии Минздравсоцразвития России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO2 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/38101">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/38101</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article proposes an introduction into problem of stromal cells of mucous membrane of intestinal tract. The types and structural molecular characteristics of stromal cells are presented including their identification, origin in embryonic life and after birth. The physiologic importance of stromal elements is discussed including their plastic possibilities, ability to transit into epithelial cells and transformation of epithelial stem cells into stromal cells. The relationship of intestinal stromal cells with bone marrow, mesenchymal stem elements and hematopoietic stem cells is demonstrated. The importance of stromal cells in the formation of stem epithelial cells’ niche in many ways relating to tolerogenic activity of stromal elements is emphasized. The secretion profile of stromal cells, its regulation and importance for reparative processes in case of chronic inflammation of intestine are discussed on the example of fibroblasts/miofibroblasts. The conclusion is made that intestinal cells of stroma can be used for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of intestine which are resistant to common and cytokine therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Обзор является введением в проблему стромальных клеток слизистой оболочки интестинального тракта. Показаны их типы и структурно-молекулярные свойства, идентификация, происхождение в эмбриональной жизни и после рождения. Обсуждаются физиологическое значение стромальных элементов, их пластические возможности, способность к переходу в эпителиальные клетки и трансформация эпителиальных стволовых клеток в стромальные. Показана связь интестинальных стромальных клеток с костным мозгом, его мезенхимальными стволовыми элементами и гемопоэтическими стволовыми клетками. Обсуждается значение стромальных клеток в построении ниши стволовых эпителиальных клеток, во многом связанной с толерогенной активностью стромальных элементов. На примере фибробластов/миофибробластов обсуждаются секреторный профиль стромальных клеток, его регуляция и значение для репаративных процессов при хроническом воспалении кишечника. Делается вывод о том, что интестинальные клетки стромы могут быть использованы для лечения хронических воспалительных заболеваний кишечника, не поддающихся обычной и цитокиновой терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intestinal</kwd><kwd>fibroblasts/miofibroblasts</kwd><kwd>origin</kwd><kwd>function</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>involvement into congenital immunity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интестинальные</kwd><kwd>фибробласты/миофибробласты</kwd><kwd>происхождение</kwd><kwd>функции</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>участие во врожденном иммунитете</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Баринов Э.Ф., Сулаева О.Н. 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