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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38261</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmj38261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The chronic obstructive disease of lungs as occupational illness: risk factors and problem of medical social rehabilitation of patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких как профессиональное заболевание: факторы риска и проблема медико-социальной реабилитации больных</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Ol’ga S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSc.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведущая лабораторией экологозависимых и профессиональных легочных заболеваний</p></bio><email>ovasil@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>N. Yu</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>Н. Ю</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The research institute of pulmonology of the Federal medical biological agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии» ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2015-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 21, NO5 (2015)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 21, №5 (2015)</issue-title><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-07-21"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2015, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2015, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/38261">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/38261</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The chronic obstructive disease of lungs by its prevalence and severity of course represents real threat of increasing of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Alongside with cigarette smoke, such unfavorable production factors as dust, smoke, toxic and biologically active substances are the causes of disease in 15% of cases. The study was carried out to analyze publications of national and foreign researchers concerning issues of occupational chronic obstructive disease of lungs for comparing with materials of one's own investigations. The history of issue covers period of thirty years when for the first time the experts of American thoracic society in accordance with European colleagues proposed to acknowledge occupational chronic obstructive disease of lungs as an independent form of pathology. The dosage-dependent and cumulative effects of exposition of aerosols at working place on development of occupational chronic obstructive disease of lungs were established. The significance of work experience in decreasing of pulmonary function was detected too. The mutual intensification of effect of cigarette smoke and occupational dust on development of chronic obstructive disease of lungs and severity of its course was proved. The results of one's own studies demonstrated that diagnosis of chronic obstructive disease of lungs was established in 20.5%-35.1% of 986 workers of various "dust occupations". The clinical picture was dominated by cough and short breath. The character of symptoms and degree of their expression depended on concentration of aerosols and duration of exposition. The statistically reliable increasing of number of workers with disorders of external respiration and signs of chronic obstructive disease of lungs depending on augmentation of occupational work experience is noted. The treatment is targeted to relief of main symptom of chronic obstructive disease of lungs - short breath. The social rehabilitation of patient consists in establishment of optimal conditions for continuation of labor activity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) по распространенности и тяжести течения представляет реальную угрозу роста заболеваемости и смертности во всем мире. Наряду с сигаретным дымом, причиной заболевания в 15% случаев являются неблагоприятные производственные факторы: пыль, дым, токсичные и биологически активные вещества. Цель исследования заключалась в проведении анализа источников литературы отечественных и зарубежных авторов по вопросам профессиональной ХОБЛ (ПХОБЛ) для сопоставления с материалами собственных исследований. История вопроса охватывает 30-летний период, когда впервые эксперты Американского торакального сообщества в согласии с европейскими коллегами предложили признать ПХОБЛ самостоятельной формой патологии. Были выявлены дозозависимый и кумулятивный эффект экспозиции аэрозолей на рабочем месте в развитии ПХОБЛ, а также значение стажа работы в снижении легочной функции. Авторами доказано взаимоусиливающее влияние сигаретного дыма и производственной пыли на формирование ХОБЛ и тяжесть ее течения. В результате собственных исследований диагноз ХОБЛ был установлен у 20,5-35,1% из 986 работников различных «пылевых профессий». В клинической картине доминировали кашель и одышка. Характер симптомов и степень их выраженности зависели от концентрации аэрозолей в зоне дыхания и длительности экспозиции. Отмечен статистически достоверный рост числа работников с нарушениями ФВД и признаками ХОБЛ по мере увеличения профессионального стажа. Цель лечения заключается в облегчении основного симптома ХОБЛ - одышки. Социальная реабилитация больного заключается в создании оптимальных условий для продолжения трудовой деятельности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive disease of lungs</kwd><kwd>risk factor</kwd><kwd>occupational aerosol</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>производственные аэрозоли</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Сеnters for Diseases Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statististics Report. Moscow: 2013; 61(04). Available at: www. Peroch.en/aword</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Global Strategy for Diagnosis,Management and Prеvention of COPD. 2015. 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