Russian MedicineRussian MedicineРоссийский медицинский журнал0869-21062412-9100Eco-Vector62749810.17816/medjrf627498ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleDiacylglycerides as nutrition components or precursors of carcinogens: a critical view on an ambular questionДиацилглицериды как важные компоненты питания или предшественники канцерогенов: критический взгляд на неоднозначный вопросhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-2746L-7459-20167381-0612BudnevskyAndrey V.БудневскийАндрей Валериевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

budnev@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-62557999-0433OvsyannikovEvgeniy S.ОвсянниковЕвгений Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

ovses@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5386-90828896-9019PopovValery I.ПоповВалерий Иванович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), corresponding member of RAS, professor

д-р мед. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, профессор

9038504004@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2132-83745342-2742DrobyshevaElena S.ДробышеваЕлена Сергеевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), associate professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

e.drobysheva76@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4128-60441645-1203FeigelmanSofia N.ФейгельманСофья Николаевна
Russian Federation
s.feygelman@gmail.comVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkoВоронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко21062024100720243032492592602202412052024Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор2024Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/627498

Obesity is considered as a noninfectious epidemic worldwide. Metabolic disorders associated with the accumulation of adipose tissue lead to obesity-associated diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Diet is a component of treatment of diseases associated with obesity. The most commonly used diets are caloric restriction by reducing fat in the diet. Over the years, there have been several attempts to use diacylglycerol (DAG) as components of dietary oils owing to its ability to suppress the accumulation of visceral fat and reduce postprandial levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol and glucose in the blood serum. However, in 2009, it was found that when oil was processed at high temperatures during physical refining, DAG-enriched oil had the highest levels of potentially harmful glycidyl esters compared to conventional refined fats and oils. The study of the negative effects of glycidyl esters has prompted the food industry, which has traditionally used oil, to focus on strategies in preventing or mitigating these effects by changing the refining process or modifying deodorization equipment to reduce or eliminate process contaminants.

Ожирение признано неинфекционной эпидемией во всём мире. Метаболические нарушения, связанные с накоплением жировой ткани, приводят к прогрессированию ассоциированных с ожирением сахарного диабета, сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Одним из компонентов лечения патологий, связанных с нарушением метаболизма, является диета. Наиболее часто применяются диеты с ограничением калорийности пищи за счёт уменьшения в рационе питания жиров. За последние несколько десятилетий проведено большое количество попыток использовать диацилглицериды (ДАГ) в качестве компонентов масел для диетического питания. Это связано со способностью ДАГ подавлять накопление висцерального жира, снижать постпрандиальный уровень триацилглицеридов и холестерина, глюкозы в сыворотке крови. Однако в 2009 году было обнаружено, что при высокотемпературной обработке в процессе физической рафинации масло, обогащённое ДАГ, характеризуется наиболее высоким уровнем образования потенциально опасных глицидоловых эфиров по сравнению с обычными рафинированными жирами и маслами. Изучение негативных эффектов глицидоловых эфиров побудило пищевую промышленность, в которой традиционно использовалось масло, сосредоточить внимание на стратегиях предотвращения или смягчения этих последствий путём изменения процесса рафинации или модифицирования оборудования для дезодорации, чтобы уменьшить или устранить технологические контаминанты.

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