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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">627622</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/medjrf627622</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison of the efficacy of paracetamol and ibuprofen for fever in children under 5 years of age</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение эффективности парацетамола и ибупрофена при лихорадке у детей младше 5 лет</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8151-8865</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>Vadim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>Вадим Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>abramov_vd@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8979-8084</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6261-3982</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximov</surname><given-names>Maxim L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>Максим Леонидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>maksim_maksimov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-9528</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8453-9166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>Boris K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>Борис Константинович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bkr@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1798-0490</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4092-1591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikaleva</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шикалева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>shikaleva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>294</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-29"><day>29</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-07-10"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/627622">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/627622</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fever accounts for a significant proportion of pediatric emergency consultations, with up to 40% of children under the age of five see a doctor for this condition. Fever is usually the result of acute respiratory viral infection, is short-lived and resolves on its own. However, in the hyperergic variant or with depletion of compensatory mechanisms, fever can be the cause of the development of pathological conditions. Therefore, timely and effective control of fever has always been a subject of interest to parents and pediatricians.</p> <p>Current guidelines define fever above 38.5 °C as a condition in which the use of antipyretics is indicated. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen are the most widely prescribed and available over-the-counter antipyretics in children. Despite the widespread use of these drugs, recommendations for the treatment of young children remain varied, leading to irrational use of antipyretics. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze existing clinical trials comparing paracetamol and ibuprofen to develop guidelines for pediatricians on the management of febrile pediatric patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Лихорадка составляет значительную долю неотложных педиатрических консультаций: до 40% детей в возрасте до пяти лет обращаются к врачу из-за этого состояния. Обычно лихорадка является результатом заражения острой респираторной вирусной инфекцией, протекает кратковременно и купируется самостоятельно. Однако при гиперергическом варианте или при истощении компенсаторных механизмов лихорадка может быть причиной развития патологических состояний. Поэтому своевременный и эффективный контроль температуры всегда был предметом интереса родителей и педиатров.</p> <p>Современные рекомендации определяют температуру тела выше 38,5 °C как состояние, при котором показано использование жаропонижающих средств. Парацетамол (ацетаминофен) и ибупрофен являются наиболее широко назначаемыми и доступными безрецептурными антипиретиками у детей. Несмотря на широкое применение этих препаратов, в научной и методической литературе имеются разные рекомендации по лечению детей раннего возраста, что приводит к нерациональному применению антипиретиков. Поэтому целью данного обзора является анализ существующих клинических исследований, сравнивающих парацетамол и ибупрофен, для последующей разработки рекомендаций практикующим врачам по ведению пациентов детского возраста с лихорадкой.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fever</kwd><kwd>ibuprofen</kwd><kwd>acetaminophen</kwd><kwd>antipyretics</kwd><kwd>non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лихорадка</kwd><kwd>ибупрофен</kwd><kwd>парацетамол</kwd><kwd>жаропонижающие средства</kwd><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prado J, Daza R, Chumbes O, et al. Antipyretic efficacy and tolerability of oral ibuprofen, oral dipyrone and intramuscular dipyrone in children: a randomized controlled trial. 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