Russian MedicineRussian MedicineРоссийский медицинский журнал0869-21062412-9100Eco-Vector64080210.17816/medjrf640802ReviewsНаучные обзорыReview ArticleProspects for overcoming antimicrobial resistance: a review of novel antibacterial agentsПерспективы преодоления антимикробной резистентности: обзор новых антибактериальных средствhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-3367-8883RomanovaSvetlana V.РомановаСветлана Валентиновна
Russian Federation
sromanova@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6117-09848311-3717TsypkinaAnastasia V.ЦыпкинаАнастасия Валерьевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Pharmacy)

канд. фарм. наук

atsypkina@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-5175-4386SubbotinaTatiana I.СубботинаТатьяна Игоревна
Russian Federation
tsubbotina@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7942-80049706-5936YudinSergey M.ЮдинСергей Михайлович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

yudin@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7378-983X7178-5020KeskinovAnton A.КескиновАнтон Артурович
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

keskinov@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-00987842-8808MakarovValentin V.МакаровВалентин Валентинович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

makarov@cspfmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4772-96866642-7819ZagaynovaAngelica V.ЗагайноваАнжелика Владимировна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

azagaynova@cspfmba.ruCentre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health RisksЦентр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью09042025270420253121771863010202412112024Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/640802

Containing the spread of antimicrobial resistance is one of the key global public health priorities. The availability of effective antimicrobial agents is essential for success in pediatrics, surgery, transplant medicine, oncology, and many other fields. Antimicrobial resistance contributes to increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, higher rates of complications and adverse events, and elevated mortality.

New resistance mechanisms continue to emerge and spread worldwide, undermining the ability to treat infectious diseases, delaying recovery, increasing disability, and raising the risk of death. The escalating issue of microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents underscores the urgent need to develop novel antibacterial drugs. Addressing this challenge requires a systematic approach to investigating the mechanisms underlying the emergence and spread of resistance.

The development of new antibacterial agents and the search for alternative strategies for the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of infectious diseases will enhance infection control and reduce disability and mortality rates. New classes of drugs with fundamentally novel mechanisms of action have been developed, whereas antibiotics from existing classes are being optimized. In addition, various alternative compounds with antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo are under investigation. Particular attention is being given to agents that directly inhibit the mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance.

This review discusses antibacterial agents developed and introduced into clinical practice between 2014 and 2024, outlines the main mechanisms of bacterial resistance, and highlights current prospects for combating antibiotic resistance.

Предупреждение распространения антимикробной резистентности — одна из ключевых задач здравоохранения во всём мире. Для достижения успеха в таких отраслях медицины, как педиатрия, хирургия, трансплантология, онкология и многих других, жизненно необходимо наличие эффективных противомикробных средств. Увеличение заболеваемости, продолжительности госпитализации, частоты осложнений и нежелательных побочных реакций, показателей смертности является последствием резистентности к противомикробным препаратам.

Новые механизмы устойчивости возникают и распространяются по планете, ставя под угрозу способность лечить инфекционные заболевания, удлиняя сроки выздоровления, вызывая инвалидность и увеличивая смертность. Возрастающая проблема резистентности микроорганизмов к противомикробным препаратам усиливает потребность в разработке новых антибактериальных средств. Для решения этой проблемы необходим системный подход к изучению механизмов её возникновения и распространения.

Разработка новых антибактериальных средств и поиск альтернативных методов профилактики, лечения и диагностики инфекционных заболеваний позволят совершенствовать методы борьбы и снижать показатели инвалидизации населения и смертности. Сегодня разработаны новые классы препаратов с принципиально новым механизмом действия и совершенствуются антибиотики уже известных классов. Создаются также различные альтернативные вещества с антибактериальной активностью in vitro и in vivo. Определённые надежды связаны с препаратами, непосредственно ингибирующими механизмы развития антибиотикорезистентности.

В обзоре приведены разрабатываемые и внедрённые в практику за 2014–2024 гг. новые антибактериальные средства, а также описаны основные механизмы устойчивости бактериальных агентов и определены перспективы борьбы с антибиотикорезистентностью.

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