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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">653435</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/medjrf653435</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Experimental study on the effects of a novel bone graft material based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and simvastatin on bone formation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспериментальное исследование воздействия нового костнопластического материала на основе поли-3-оксибутирата и симвастатина на процессы костеобразования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-766X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1798-1439</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salekh</surname><given-names>Karina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салех</surname><given-names>Карина Мустафаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ms.s.karina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5611-3990</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1126-1347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Алексей Вадимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>volkov-av@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3982-5512</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1431-5936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muraev</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мураев</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>muraev_aa@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-9524</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1688-2226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonartsev</surname><given-names>Anton P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бонарцев</surname><given-names>Антон Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>ant_bonar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-6461</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6293-0462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinova</surname><given-names>Vera V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воинова</surname><given-names>Вера Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>veravoinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-6235</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7254-4306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dymnikov</surname><given-names>Alexander B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дымников</surname><given-names>Александр Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>dymnikov_ab@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6352-6750</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5941-5771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgalev</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгалев</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>dolgalev@dolgalev.pro</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5458-0192</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2607-2679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Sergey Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Сергей Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>syivanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Stavropol State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>159</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-04"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-04-27"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/653435">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/653435</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>In surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery, no currently available bone graft material reliably provides predictable outcomes for the treatment of jawbone defects. Given the increasing number of patients with alveolar bone atrophy and post-traumatic jaw defects, the development of new materials with osteoinductive properties remains highly relevant, underscoring the importance of research in bone tissue engineering.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>To assess the osteoinductive potential of a novel bone graft material based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) loaded with simvastatin in an in vivo sheep model.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>A single-center, prospective, comparative study was conducted between December 2022 and June 2023, involving 24 healthy sheep weighing 65–70 kg and aged 18–24 months. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria ensured group homogeneity. Under general and local anesthesia, a lateral window approach to the maxillary sinus was performed to create a bony window for implantation. Group 1 received simvastatin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules; group 2 received the same material without simvastatin. The primary outcome was the presence of morphological signs of osteoinduction, including the formation of new bone tissue. Secondary outcomes included morphometric assessment of structural bone parameters, such as the relative volume of newly formed bone and osteogenic activity.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>Assessments were performed at 3 and 6 months post-implantation. At 3 months, granules of the bone graft material in group 1 were surrounded by moderate connective tissue and multiple foci of active osteogenesis around the simvastatin-loaded granules. In group 2, connective tissue predominated around the implanted granules, with isolated osteogenic foci. At 6 months, group 1 exhibited reduced connective tissue, persistent osteogenic foci, and predominantly mature lamellar bone. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that the relative volume of newly formed bone in the simvastatin group was 34.5% at 3 months and 63.4% at 6 months, significantly exceeding that of the control group (21.4 and 36.8%, respectively).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Simvastatin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules significantly enhance bone formation. However, the long-term effects of simvastatin application require further investigation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>В хирургической стоматологии и челюстно-лицевой хирургии отсутствует остеопластический материал, позволяющий гарантированно достигать прогнозируемых результатов при устранении костных дефектов челюстей. С учётом увеличения числа пациентов с атрофией альвеолярной кости и дефектами челюстей после травм актуальность разработки новых материалов с остеоиндуктивными свойствами остаётся на высоком уровне, что подчёркивает важность исследований в области инженерии костной ткани.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Исследовать остеоиндуктивный потенциал нового костнопластического материала на основе поли-3-оксибутирата, насыщенного симвастатином, в <italic>in vivo </italic>эксперименте на овцах.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>С декабря 2022 г. по июнь 2023 г. проведено одноцентровое, проспективное, сравнительное исследование с участием 24 здоровых овец массой тела 65–70 кг в возрасте 18–24 мес. Выборка была сформирована с учётом строгих критериев включения и исключения, что обеспечивало однородность группы. Операции проводили под общей и местной анестезией с наружным доступом к верхнечелюстному синусу, где формировали костное окно для имплантации костного материала. В 1-й группе использовали новый остеопластический материал в виде гранул с симвастатином, во 2-й группе — аналогичный материал без симвастатина. Основным исходом исследования являлось проявление морфологических признаков индукции остеогенеза, включая формирование новообразованной костной ткани. Дополнительные результаты анализировали через морфометрическую оценку структурных параметров костной ткани, включая относительный объём новообразованной костной ткани и активность остеогенеза.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Оценка результатов проводилась через 3 и 6 мес. после имплантации материала. Через 3 мес. в 1-й группе обнаружены гранулы остеопластического материала с умеренной соединительной тканью и множественными очагами активного остеогенеза вокруг гранул материала с симвастатином. Во 2-й группе преобладала соединительная ткань, окружающая гранулы имплантированного материала и отдельные очаги остеогенеза. Через 6 мес. в 1-й группе уменьшилось количество соединительной ткани, сохранились очаги остеогенеза, преобладала зрелая пластинчатая кость. Согласно гистоморфометрическим данным, объём новообразованной костной ткани в группе с симвастатином составил 34,5 и 63,4% через 3 и 6 мес., что значительно превышает результаты контрольной группы (21,4 и 36,8% соответственно).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Насыщение гранул остеопластического материала из поли-3-оксибутирата симвастатином значительно увеличивает объём образовавшейся костной ткани. Тем не менее долгосрочные эффекты применения симвастатина требуют дальнейшего изучения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>simvastatin</kwd><kwd>bone graft material</kwd><kwd>poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)</kwd><kwd>osteogenesis</kwd><kwd>osteoinduction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>симвастатин</kwd><kwd>остеопластический материал</kwd><kwd>поли-3-оксибутират</kwd><kwd>остеогенез</kwd><kwd>остеоиндукция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Xue N, Ding X, Huang R, et al. Bone tissue engineering in the treatment of bone defects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15(7):879. doi: 10.3390/ph15070879 EDN: XSCCJQ</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Migliorini F, La Padula G, Torsiello E, et al. Strategies for large bone defect reconstruction after trauma, infections or tumour excision: a comprehensive review of the literature. 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