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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679253</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/medjrf679253</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">SQYVGS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Questionnaires for screening relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) in women: a systematic review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Опросники для скрининга синдрома относительного энергодефицита в спорте (RED-S) у женщин: систематический обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0618-6346</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6072-4730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Degteva</surname><given-names>Anastasiia E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>a.degteva@fomin-clinic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-08-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>384</fpage><lpage>390</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-07"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-23"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-09-08"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/679253">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/679253</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) and low energy availability are major issues in modern sports. The constant prevalence of energy expenditure on training and competition over energy intake is the main risk factor for these conditions to occur. Quantifying energy deficiency in everyday practice is rendered difficult, but questionnaires can be an effective tool for timely screening of low energy availability and RED-S.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>To conduct a systematic review of questionnaires used to assess RED-S risk factors in athletes.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>The presented review was conducted in concert with the methodological guidelines found in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. A search was conducted through the PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline Ovid, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases from January 2010 to February 2025. The review covered articles setting forth issues regarding the assessment of reproductive health and manifestations of RED-S.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:<italic> </italic></bold>Out of the 29 studies included in the review, ten unique questionnaires were found to identify athletes at risk of energy deficiency. Nine questionnaires were validated, three of which included only screening for eating disorders, without assessing other symptoms or training activity. Two questionnaires were most frequently used in studies and practice: the low energy availability in females questionnaire and the eating disorder examination questionnaire.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Questionnaires can be effective in identifying intentional energy restriction, early detection of gynecological pathology, and the risk of energy deficiency in female athletes. Questionnaires are screening tools but not methods for diagnosing RED-S.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Синдром относительного энергодефицита в спорте (relative energy deficiency in sport, RED-S) и низкая энергетическая доступность — большая проблема современного спорта. Постоянное превалирование расхода энергии на тренировочный и соревновательный процесс над её потреблением — основной фактор риска возникновения данных состояний. Объективная оценка энергодефицита сложна в повседневной практике, однако опросники могут быть эффективным инструментом для своевременного скрининга низкой энергетической доступности и RED-S.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Провести систематический обзор анкет, используемых для оценки факторов риска RED-S у спортсменов.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Представленный обзор проведён в соответствии с методологическими рекомендациями Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. Осуществлён поиск в электронных базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline Ovid и SPORTDiscus с января 2010 по февраль 2025 года. В обзор включали статьи, содержащие вопросы по оценке репродуктивного здоровья и проявлений RED-S.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Из включённых в обзор 29 исследований найдено 10 уникальных анкет для выявления спортсменов с риском дефицита энергии. Валидированы 9 анкет, три из которых включали в себя только скрининг расстройств пищевого поведения, без оценки других симптомов или активности тренировочного процесса. Наиболее часто в исследованиях и в практике использовали 2 анкеты: опросник низкой энергетической доступности у женщин и опросник по обследованию расстройств пищевого поведения.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Анкеты могут быть эффективными для выявления преднамеренного ограничения энергии, раннего обнаружения гинекологической патологии и риска развития дефицита энергии у спортсменок. Опросники являются инструментами скрининга, но не методами диагностики RED-S.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>low energy availability</kwd><kwd>energy deficiency</kwd><kwd>relative energy deficiency in sport</kwd><kwd>RED-S</kwd><kwd>female athlete triad</kwd><kwd>eating disorder</kwd><kwd>questionnaires</kwd><kwd>female athletes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>низкая доступность энергии</kwd><kwd>дефицит энергии</kwd><kwd>относительный дефицит энергии в спорте</kwd><kwd>RED-S</kwd><kwd>триада женщин-спортсменок</kwd><kwd>расстройство пищевого поведения</kwd><kwd>опросники</kwd><kwd>спортсменки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Emmonds S, Heyward O, Jones B. The challenge of applying and undertaking research in female sport. 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