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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">702631</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/medjrf702631</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VPNBDY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Research Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Experimental method for modeling polycystic ovary syndrome in rats: a cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экспериментальная методика моделирования синдрома поликистозных яичников у крыс: одномоментное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-9722</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7351-6661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borozdenko</surname><given-names>Denis A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борозденко</surname><given-names>Денис Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>borozdenko@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1315-1610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stislavskaya</surname><given-names>Sofya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стиславская</surname><given-names>Софья Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>sstislav@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7091-4580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyrkova</surname><given-names>Oksana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыркова</surname><given-names>Оксана Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>oksanapyrkovaa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-0899</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4286-7041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyakhmun</surname><given-names>Dmitriy N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляхман</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>lyahmun@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">PeptidPRO</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ПептидПро</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-07-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>220</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-12"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-07-13"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/702631">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/702631</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Existing rodent models of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have several limitations: they do not match the hormonal profile of the human disease, do not fully reproduce metabolic disturbances, or are difficult to implement. This study describes a PCOS modeling methodology suitable for preclinical research.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>To validate an experimental model of polycystic ovary syndrome in rats with the assessment of hormonal and histological parameters.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>The animals were divided into three groups: intact (<italic>n</italic> = 22, saline), PCOS model (<italic>n</italic> = 30), and PCOS + therapy model (<italic>n</italic> = 10, pathology induction + combined oral contraceptives [COCs]). PCOS modeling was carried out for 10 days via intramuscular injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (300 U/animal) and increasing doses of isophane insulin (from 1.5 to 3.5 U/animal). The PCOS + therapy group received COCs (drospirenone + ethinyl estradiol) orally for 14 days. Body weight dynamics and glucose levels were measured as indicators of metabolic disorders. Hormone levels, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured by ELISA. Morphological analysis was also performed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>In modeling the pathology, PCOS model group showed a significant increase in body weight (295.2 ± 20.2 g) compared with the intact group (267.3 ± 22.4 g; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) and the PCOS + therapy group (273.9 ± 18.5 g; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). In the PCOS model group, levels of free testosterone, AMH, and estradiol increased, while SHBG decreased compared with the intact group (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). The LH/FSH ratio on day 12 was significantly higher in the PCOS + therapy group (16.6 ± 7.6) than the intact group (6.9 ± 4.8; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Histological examination confirmed an increase in the number of cysts, atretic follicles, and corpora lutea in the ovaries of animals with induced PCOS. COCs therapy significantly reduced ovarian mass coefficients and glucose levels compared with the PCOS model group.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>The presented PCOS model, based on the combined administration of hCG and insulin in Wistar rats, successfully reproduces the key features of the disease: an increased LH/FSH ratio, hyperandrogenemia, elevated AMH and estradiol, decreased SHBG, polycystic ovarian morphology with multiple functional and retention cysts, and metabolic disorders such as weight gain. Furthermore, the model demonstrates sensitivity to standard COCs therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Существующие экспериментальные модели синдрома поликистозных яичников (СПКЯ) на грызунах имеют ряд ограничений: несоответствие гормональному профилю заболевания человека, не полная воспроизводимость метаболических нарушений или сложность исполнения. Настоящее исследование направлено на описание методики СПКЯ, пригодной для доклинических исследований.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Валидация экспериментальной модели поликистозных яичников у крыс с определением гормональных и гистологических показателей.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Животные были разделены на 3 группы: «интактные» (<italic>n</italic>=22, физраствор); «модель СПКЯ» (<italic>n</italic>=30); «модель СПКЯ + терапия» (<italic>n</italic>=10, индукция патологии + комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, КОК). Моделирование СПКЯ проводили в течение 10 дней внутримышечными инъекциями хорионического гонадотропина (300 ЕД/животное) и возрастающих доз инсулина-изофана (от 1,5 до 3,5 ЕД/животное). Группа «модель СПКЯ + терапия» получала КОК (дроспиренон + этинилэстрадиол) перорально в течение 14 дней. Измеряли динамику массы тела и концентрацию глюкозы как показатели метаболических нарушений. Концентрацию гормонов (антимюллерова гормона, фолликулостимулирующего гормона, эстрадиола и глобулина, связывающего половые гормоны) измеряли методом иммуноферментного анализа. Проводили морфологический анализ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>При моделировании патологии у животных группы «модель СПКЯ» статистически значимо увеличивалась масса тела (295,2±20,2 г) по сравнению с интактными (267,3±22,4 г; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,05) и группой «модель СПКЯ + терапия» (273,9±18,5 г; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,05). В группе «модель СПКЯ» зафиксировано повышение концентрации свободного тестостерона, антимюллерова гормона, эстрадиола и снижение концентрации глобулина, связывающего половые гормоны, относительно интактной группы (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,05). Соотношение лютеинизирующего гормона и фолликулостимулирующего гормона на 12-й день было статистически значимо выше в группе «модель СПКЯ + терапия» (16,6±7,6) против интактной (6,9±4,8; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,05). Гистологически подтверждено увеличение количества кист, атретических фолликулов и жёлтых тел в яичниках у животных с индуцированным СПКЯ. Терапия КОК статистически значимо снижала массовые коэффициенты яичников и концентрацию глюкозы по сравнению с группой «модель СПКЯ + терапия».</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Представленная модель СПКЯ на основе комбинированного введения хорионического гонадотропина человека и инсулина у крыс линии Wistar успешно воспроизводит ключевые признаки заболевания: повышение соотношения лютеинизирующего гормона и фолликулостимулирующего гормона; гиперандрогенемию; повышение концентрации антимюллерова гормона и эстрадиола; снижение концентрации глобулина, связывающего половые гормоны; поликистозную морфологию яичников с множественными функциональными и ретенционными кистами; а также метаболические нарушения в виде увеличения массы тела. При этом модель демонстрирует чувствительность к стандартной терапии КОК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polycystic ovary syndrome</kwd><kwd>PCOS</kwd><kwd>experimental model</kwd><kwd>human chorionic gonadotropin</kwd><kwd>hyperandrogenism</kwd><kwd>ovarian morphology</kwd><kwd>combined oral contraceptives</kwd><kwd>COCs</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром поликистозных яичников</kwd><kwd>СПКЯ</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd><kwd>хорионический гонадотропин</kwd><kwd>гиперандрогения</kwd><kwd>морфология яичников</kwd><kwd>комбинированные оральные контрацептивы</kwd><kwd>КОК</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «ПептидПро»</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">PeptidPro</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was part of a research project funded by PeptidPro (Russia).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках научноисследовательской работы, финансируемой компанией ООО «ПептидПро» (Россия).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Neven ACH, Laven J, Teede HJ, Boyle JA. 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