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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0869-2106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9100</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">702742</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/medjrf702742</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Regional anesthesia in surgery. Analysis of post-puncture complications: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регионарная анестезия в хирургии. Анализ постпункционных осложнений: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-4188</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1877-7033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Niftaliev</surname><given-names>Kenan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нифталиев</surname><given-names>Кенан Сабухиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2nd year resident - neurosurgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ординатор 2 курса - нейрохирургия</p></bio><email>niftaliev@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9538-3329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Logoshin</surname><given-names>Ivan Yuryevich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логошин</surname><given-names>Иван Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6th-year student of the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент 6 курса лечебного факультета</p></bio><email>ilogoshin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-03-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>315</fpage><lpage>325</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-09"><day>09</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-07-13"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/702742">https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/702742</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A retraction notice for this article is posted at this link<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf714014"> https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf714014</ext-link></p> <p>This study aims to structure knowledge on the problem of regional anesthesia complications: its etiopathogenesis, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and approaches to prevention are examined.</p> <p>Regional anesthesia is a crucial component of modern perioperative protocols, providing effective analgesia, reducing opioid use, and accelerating recovery. However, this technique is associated with certain risks, ranging from mild and temporary to severe and persistent complications. Their occurrence is often associated with noncompliance with clinical guidelines and standards. The most common early complications include block failure, toxic effects of local anesthetics on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, and unintentional puncture of adjacent structures. Total spinal anesthesia with epidural technique poses a serious but rare risk.</p> <p>Among neurological complications, transient neuropathies predominate, usually associated with surgical trauma, tension, or ischemia. Post-dural puncture headache after spinal anesthesia is a separate category. Infections (abscess, meningitis) and hematomas in the spinal canal are rare but carry the risk of irreversible spinal cord damage. The risk of complications is increased by technical difficulties, anatomical abnormalities, coagulopathy, and the patient's comorbidities.</p> <p>Strict aseptic technique, the use of instrumental guidance for precision, and controlled dosage of local anesthetics play a key role in prevention.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сообщение о ретракции этой статьи опубликовано по ссылке<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf714014">https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf714014</ext-link></p> <p>Данное исследование посвящено структурированию знаний по проблеме осложнений регионарной анестезии: рассматриваются этиопатогенез, симптоматика, способы диагностики и подходы к их предотвращению.</p> <p>Регионарная анестезия – важнейший компонент современных периоперационных протоколов, обеспечивающий эффективную анальгезию, сокращение использования опиоидов и ускоренную реабилитацию. Тем не менее, данная методика сопряжена с определёнными рисками, спектр которых варьируется от лёгких и временных до тяжёлых и стойких осложнений. Их возникновение зачастую связано с нарушением клинических рекомендаций и стандартов. Наиболее частые ранние осложнения — неудача блока, токсическое действие местных анестетиков на центральную нервную и сердечно-сосудистую системы, а также непреднамеренная пункция соседних структур. Серьёзная, но редкая угроза – тотальная спинальная анестезия при эпидуральной технике.</p> <p>Среди неврологических осложнений преобладают преходящие невропатии, обычно связанные с хирургической травмой, натяжением или ишемией. Отдельную категорию составляет постпункционная головная боль после спинальной анестезии. Инфекционные процессы (абсцесс, менингит) и гематомы в позвоночном канале встречаются казуистически, но несут риск необратимого повреждения спинного мозга. Риск осложнений повышают технические сложности, анатомические аномалии, коагулопатия и сопутствующие заболевания пациента.</p> <p>Ключевую роль в профилактике играют строгое соблюдение асептики, использование аппаратного наведения для точности и контроль дозировок местных анастетиков.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional anesthesia, neurological complications, toxic systemic effects of local anesthetics, spinal/epidural hematoma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>регионарная анестезия, неврологические осложнения, токсическое системное действие местных анестетиков, спинальная/эпидуральная гематома</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Moka E. Transforming Perioperative Care: Evolving Paradigms of the Expanding Role of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management. 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