A case report of congenital cystic adenomatous malformation of the lung type II in a two-month-old infant associated with complications

BACKGROUND: Cystic adenomatous malformation of the lung (CAML), or congenital airway malformation, is a relatively rare birth defect. This condition is difficult to diagnose both in the antenatal and postnatal periods. The relevance of the problem of diagnosing CAML is demonstrated by the clinical case identified in the postnatal period.

CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: This article discusses a case report of CAML in a child. From the age of two months, the disease manifested as monthly episodes of respiratory infections complicated by bronchitis, bronchial obstruction syndrome, and a single case of community-acquired bilateral polysegmental pneumonia, which led to the initiation of multicomponent conservative pharmacotherapy prior to surgery.

CONCLUSION: This case report illustrates the importance of early diagnosis of CAML. Considering that in most cases this is the patient’s first visit to a pediatrician, there is no doubt that primary care pediatricians need to be aware of this condition in order to refer the patient to a specialist as soon as possible for proper diagnosis and treatment.