Modern clinical, functional, and ophthalmo-ergonomic features of phacoemulsification in patients with visual-intense labor with bilateral cataract: a systematic review

A systematic review was performed using databases of RSCI and PubMed, and the following keywords were used for the literature search: “Cataract,” “Phacoemulsification,” “PEC,” “Visual-stress work,” “VSW,” “Anisometropia,” and “Quality of life.” Articles were selected based on the criteria for prospective or retrospective studies. A total of 684 sources were analyzed, further using systematic review filters and authors’ knowledge of the topic. The retrospective analysis covered the period from 2016 to 2022. Data indicate that the current state of the problem of PEK in patients with VSW with bilateral cataracts during traditional sequential (on different days) surgery (especially if the interval between operations increased by more than 7–10 days) is accompanied by the emergence of clinical, functional (pain syndrome, anisometropia, diplopia, and impaired stereoscopic vision), and ophthalmo-ergonomic (insufficient level of visual performance) adverse manifestations after the first surgery. To eliminate them, sequential bilateral cataract surgery received increasing attention (both operations within the same day), characterized by fewer hospital visits for the patient, faster recovery of vision, and lower healthcare costs. Thus, the stated provisions in the dispensary observation of patients with VSW with bilateral cataracts must be considered.