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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Biology Bulletin</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Biology Bulletin</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской академии наук. Серия биологическая</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1026-3470</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5367</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">686085</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S1026347025030069</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Variation and inheritance of an atypical form of the anterior lobe of the M1 of <italic>Lemmus trimucronatus chrysogaster</italic> (Rodentia, Arvicolinae)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменчивость и наследование нетипичной формы anterior lobe M<sup>1</sup> у <italic>Lemmus trimucronatus chrysogaster</italic> (Rodentia, Arvicolinae)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cheprakov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепраков</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Cheprakov@ipae.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии растений и животных УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>309</fpage><lpage>316</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-27"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://medjrf.com/1026-3470/article/view/686085">https://medjrf.com/1026-3470/article/view/686085</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Using material from laboratory colonies, it was established that the variability of deviations from the typical shape (tf) of the anterior lobe M1 in lemmings of the genus <italic>Lemmus</italic> forms a bilateral morphological module, designated as atypical shape (AF). Three morphotypes of AF have been identified, differing in degree of complexity. The main component of modular variability is an increase in the frequency of individuals with the AF phenotype and the degree of expressiveness of this phenotype with age. Segregation in the offspring into AF and tf individuals in various crossing options does not contradict the hypothesis of monogenic inheritance of these variations. Individuals with the tf phenotype are recessive homozygotes. Sometimes among them there may be undetected heterozygotes. Which phenotype (tf or AF) a heterozygote exhibits may depend on the litter number and (or) on the influence of modifier genes. Dominant homozygotes are considered nonviable.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На материале из лабораторных колоний установлено, что изменчивость отклонений от типичной формы (tf) anterior lobe M<sup>1 </sup>у<sup> </sup>леммингов рода <italic>Lemmus</italic> образует билатеральный морфологический модуль, обозначенный как нетипичная форма (AF). Выявлено три морфотипа AF, отличающиеся по степени сложности. Основная составляющая модульной изменчивости – увеличение частоты особей с фенотипом AF и степени выраженности этого фенотипа с возрастом. Расщепление в потомстве на AF и tf особей в различных вариантах скрещивания не противоречит гипотезе моногенного наследования этих вариаций. Особи с фенотипом tf являются рецессивными гомозиготами. Иногда среди них могут присутствовать непроявившиеся гетерозиготы. Какой фенотип (tf или AF) реализует гетерозигота может зависеть от номера выводка и (или) от влияния генов-модификаторов. Доминантные гомозиготы считаются нежизнеспособными.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lemmings</kwd><kwd>Lemmus</kwd><kwd>atypical form of the anterior lobe M1</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>inheritance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лемминги</kwd><kwd>Lemmus</kwd><kwd>нетипичная форма anterior lobe M1</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>наследование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-03-2022-548</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Агаджанян А. К. Мелкие млекопитающие плиоцен–плейстоцена Русской равнины. 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