Accumulation of cadmium in organs of experimental animals and its effect on the content of essential elements in the chronic intoxication

Introduction. This article presents the results of studying the effects of cadmium chloride and its accumulation in experimental animals’ liver, kidneys, and blood. The impact of cadmium consumption on basic bioelements (zinc, copper, calcium) in organs was assessed.

Materials and methods. Experimental groups of white outbred rats were exposed daily for three months to a cadmium chloride solution containing 1, 10 and 100 μg of cadmium. Cadmium exposure was assessed at 1, 4, 12, 30, 60 and 90 days. The concentrations of cadmium, calcium, copper and zinc were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results. Whole blood cadmium concentration was not statistically different from the control group. The accumulation of cadmium in the blood was observed only after three months of exposure to a dose of 100 μg. The accumulation of cadmium in the liver occurred after one and two months of intoxication, depending on the dose. In the kidneys, an increase in cadmium occurred in all experimental groups after one month of injection. The metal content depended on the level of exposure, but no difference was observed between the liver and kidney. The concentration of zinc and calcium decreased in the kidneys and liver.

Conclusion. Changes in calcium and zinc, accompanied by elevated levels of cadmium in the liver and kidneys, suggest that cadmium may interfere with the biological processes in which these elements are involved.

Contribution:
Fazlieva A.S. — the concept and design of the study. collection and processing of material. statistical processing. writing a text;
Karimov D.O., Daukaev R.A. — the concept and design of the study, еditing;
Kurilov M.V., Ziatdinova M.M., Valova Y.V. — collection and processing of the material;
Afonkina S.R., Zelenkovskaya E.E. — collection of literature data.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

The conclusion of the bioethical commission: the bioethical commission of the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology (minutes of the BEC meeting dated June 10, 2021, No. 4-06) established that all types of research used in experimental work with animals were carried out in strict accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Federation, the provisions of the “European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes”, requirements and recommendations of “Guidelines for laboratory animals and alternative models in biomedical technology.” Laboratory staff used humane and rational methods of keeping, handling animals and their use for scientific purposes and testing (research).

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: June 06, 2021 / Accepted: September 28, 2021 / Published: November 30, 2021