Evaluation of the aerogenic impact of priority chemical factors on the health of the child population in the zone of the exposure of aluminum enterprises

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Abstract

Introduction. There is actual development of scientific and methodological support for the formation of the evidence base of the negative impact of environmental factors on public health. 

Material and methods. The hygienic assessment of the air quality of the territory with the placement of aluminum production and the territory without similar sources of emissions was carried out, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was estimated, chemical-analytical and clinical-laboratory examination of 235 children was carried out to study the negative effects of the influence of the studied risk factors on critical organs and systems. 

Results. In the conditions of the existing quality of the atmospheric air, conditioned by the economic activity of the enterprise producing aluminum, an unacceptable risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects for the central nervous system, bone system, respiratory system, blood system, liver, kidneys (HI to 33.4) is formed. Children in the zone of exposure to risk factors have an increased (up to 4.0 times) content both of manganese, nickel, chromium in blood,  and as the aluminum as fluoride ion in urine (up to 5.5 times) relative to the indices in the comparison group. Children with an elevated content of these compounds in bio medias revealed reliable deviations of laboratory parameters relative to similar parameters in children in the comparison group: a 1.2-fold increase in serum glutamic acid, a 2.2-fold increase in eosinophilia in the nasal secretion, C-terminal telopeptides, total and direct bilirubin, ACAT in blood serum by  1.2 times, β2-microglobulin in blood serum – by 1.8 times. The established negative effects in children, proven to be associated with an increased content of toxic substances in the bio medias, are confirmed by the increased detectability of functional disorders of the autonomic and central nervous system (5.5 times more often), respiratory diseases (2.9 times), musculoskeletal diseases system (in 1.3-1.5 times). Substantiated indices of negative effects must be taken into account when conducting sanitary and epidemiological examinations and developing measures for the prevention of functional diseases of the central nervous system, bone system, respiratory system, liver, kidneys in children permanently residing in a residential building in the zone of emission sources of aluminum plants.

About the authors

N. V. Zaitseva

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies; E. A. Wagner Perm State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2356-1145
Russian Federation

Marina A. Zemlianova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies; Perm National Research Polytechnic University

Email: zem@fcrisk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8013-9613

MD, Ph.D., Marina A., Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Biochemical and Cytogenetic Diagnostic Techniques Department, Perm, 614045, Russian Federation.

e-mail:zem@fcrisk.ru

Russian Federation

Yu. V. Koldibekova

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3924-4526
Russian Federation

I. G. Zhdanova-Zaplesvichko

Irkutsk state medical University

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0916-0302
Russian Federation

A. N. Perezhogin

Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the Irkutsk Region

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3537-7564
Russian Federation

S. V. Kleyn

Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2534-5713
Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2024 Zaitseva N.V., Zemlianova M.A., Koldibekova Y.V., Zhdanova-Zaplesvichko I.G., Perezhogin A.N., Kleyn S.V.


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