Labor conditions as a factor of the risk of the occurrence of colorectal cancer

Introduction. The factors of both the working environment and the labor process seem to be an integral part of the life of the able-bodied person, on which the functions of the human body and the quality of life of the individual depend to varying degrees. There is a relationship between factors of working conditions and the risk of development of colorectal cancer (CRC): non-ionizing radiation, noise, microclimate, chemicals, biological factors, neuro-emotional tension, the severity of the work process, night shifts, low illumination, contact with antibiotics and allergens, the nature of work and the characteristics of physical activity.

Tasks. To study the prevalence of risk factors for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with working conditions in the urban and rural population of the Omsk region.

Methods. An epidemiological analytical study (case-control) included 609 cases (556 non-CRC persons, 53 CRC patients). The study used epidemiological, hygienic, sociological, statistical methods.

Results. Out of 12 risk factors for the development of CRC related to working conditions, only the biological factor (p <0.005, OR=4.031, 95% CI: 1.129 ÷ 10.481) was confirmed as significant in residents of the Omsk region. For the residents of the regional center there were shown to be significant  such factors as microclimate (p <0.001, OR 2.814, 95% CI 1.308 - 6.054), biological factor (p <0.001, OSH 4.152, 95% CI 1.931-8.927), neuro-emotional tension (p < 0.001, OR 3.851, 95% CI 1.538 ÷ 9.644). In rural areas, the presence of chemicals (p < 0.001, OR 6.780, 95% CI 2.374 - 19.362) and the effect of biological factors (p <0.001, OR 4.877, 95% CI 1.921 - 12.284) was reliable.

Conclusion. The viral-microbial (biological) factor is a common related to working conditions, the risk factor for the development of CRC in the population (urban and rural) of the Omsk region. For the rural population leading factors were the microclimate and neuro-emotional tension, for the urban - the presence of chemicals was significant.