Results of the monitoring of congenital malformations in children in the Rostov region

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Abstract

The improvement and unification of information and analytical technology is one of the priorities, the solution of which will improve the effectiveness of the system of socio-hygienic monitoring. Epidemiological characteristics of congenital malformations (rate, structure, dynamics, and territorial distribution) are particularly informative biological indices of medico-demographic problems in areas with the high technogenic load. The main data sources for epidemiological studies of congenital anomalies are currently monitoring registers of congenital malformations. The article presents data on congenital malformations in the Rostov region of the Russian Federation on the results of monitoring for 2006-2016. With the use of the common regional database of personified accounting and statistical reporting forms there were executed both the analysis of the rate, structure, dynamics, medium-term forecasting of congenital malformations and the assessment of the real risk. The average annual index of the rate of congenital malformations of the compulsory registration (form 21) for newborns and children of the first year of life for the period of 2009-2016 is 6.84 per 1,000 births. The largest contribution into the structure of congenital malformations is shown to be made by malformations of musculoskeletal system (20.82 %), genital system (19.62 %) and circulatory system (19.39 %). The positive trend of dynamics of congenital malformations for the last two years of the studied period is revealed. At extrapolation in the medium term it is possible to expect an annual gain of congenital malformations. Birth defects in children are confirmed to be one of the valuable indices of the environmental impact on the health of the population of the Rostov region. Thus, it was determined by peculiarities of formation of congenital malformations in the Rostov region, which are the basis for the development of regional oriented prevention programs.

About the authors

G. T. Aydinov

Rostov State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1409-7192
Russian Federation

Boris I. Marchenko

Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering of the Southern Federal University

Email: borismarch@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6173-329X

MD, PhD, DSci,  professor of the department of the technosphere safety and chemistry of the Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering of the Southern Federal University,  Taganrog, 347928, Russian Federation.

e-mail: borismarch@gmail.com

Russian Federation

Yu. A. Sinelnikova

Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology for the Rostov region of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0422-068X
Russian Federation

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