Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formate in acetylene black gas diffusion electrode with a tin catalyst

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Abstract

A test study of a hydrophobized gas diffusion electrode with a tin catalyst deposited on acetylene black A437E was carried out in order to identify its potential for intensifying the process of electroreduction of CO2 to formate in acidic and alkaline aqueous solutions. Porous electrodes with a fluoroplastic content of 40 wt. %, thickness 0.5 mm, porosity 60 vol. % and tin content ≈0.7 mg/cm2, relative to the overall surface of the electrode were studied. It has been shown that, on this type of electrodes, it is possible to carry out the electroreduction of CO2 at a current density of up to 900 mA/cm2, at temperatures of 25–55°C with a formate flow yield of 74 to 96%. Electrolysis for 4 hours with a current density of 190 mA/cm2 resulted in a solution of potassium formate with a concentration of 1.58 M. In this case, an increase in the capacity of the double electrical layer was observed from 7 to 17 mF/cm2 and a decrease in current efficiency from 96 to 58%.

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G. A. Kolyagin

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB RAS”

Author for correspondence.
Email: kolyagin@icct.ru
Russian Federation, Akademgorodok, 50, building 24, Krasnoyarsk, 660036

O. P. Taran

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB RAS”

Email: taran.op@icct.krasn.ru
Russian Federation, Akademgorodok, 50, building 24, Krasnoyarsk, 660036

References

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2. Fig. 1. Schematic representation of an electrolyzer cell. 1 – gas chamber, 2 – GDE, 3 – fluoroplastic clips, 4 – platinum counterelectrode, 5 – MF-4SK-100 cation exchange membrane, 6 – thermometer, 7 – outlet pipe for gaseous products, 8 – Luggin capillary, 9 – supply of CO2 or inert gas, 10 – thermostatic jacket, 11, 12 – cathode and anode chambers.

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3. Fig. 2. Polarization curves in 0.5 M CNCO3 at 25°C in atmospheres: 1 – CO2; 2 – argon.

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4. 3. The effect of electrolysis time on W (1) and formate concentration (2) in the catholyte. The current density is 190 mA/cm2. The experimental conditions are shown in Table 1.

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5. Fig. 4. Dependence of the charging current density of the double layer on the potential expansion rate. 1 – at the beginning of the experiment, 2 – after 4 hours of electrolysis.

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