The relationship between psoriasis and gut microbiota: a review of the literature



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Abstract

Psoriasis is a systemic immuno-inflammatory disease affecting target organs and manifested mainly by defect formation on the skin due to hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. This disease can significantly reduce a person's quality of life. Psoriasis is widespread: according to literature data, it occurs in about 2% of the entire world population. The study of the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its effect on the body is an actual direction in dermatology. Numerous works of recent years reveal a certain correlation between psoriasis and inflammatory bowel diseases.

It has been found that in psoriasis there is a decrease in the qualitative and quantitative diversity of intestinal microflora and an increase in the number of opportunistic bacteria such as E.Coli, Helicobacter ssp., Mycobacterium spp. and Mycobacterium spp. in patients with psoriasis. Along with this, an increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroides are found in psoriasis patients. A decrease in the number of Bacteroides leads to a reduced formation of butyrate, and butyrate in turn plays a role in the defence system of the intestinal epithelium. Altered gut microbiome may be the reason for the stimulation of autoimmune inflammation in psoriasis.  Many studies also agree that the severe course of psoriasis increases the difference in the gut microbiome between the study and control groups. Gut dysbiosis may be a stimulus for psoriasis recurrence. Increased permeability of the intestinal epithelium favours the entry of more bacterial metabolites into the blood, which in turn aggravates the course of psoriasis.

Clinical observations confirm the improvement of psoriatic skin lesions after the use of antibiotics, probiotics or transplantation of faecal microbiota. A detailed study of the relationship between psoriasis and the gut microbiome may serve as a potential marker for the evaluation of therapy, improving its quality and the quality of life of patients with this pathology.

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About the authors

Valeria Pavlovna Vasilieva

St.Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: valeriavas19@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-9292-165X

 student, St.Petersburg State Paediatric Medical University

Russian Federation, 194100, Russia, St.Petersburg, Litovskaya St., 2

Daria Sergeevna Yenina

Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет

Email: eninad1212@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-2224-2217

student

Russian Federation, 194100, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул.Литовская, д. 2

Elizaveta Igorevna Kapustina

Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: lizaogneva2002@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-3756-6768

student

Russian Federation, 197022, Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, 6-8, Lev Tolstoy St.

Anastasia Viktorovna Kapko

Private Institution Educational Organisation of Higher Education University ‘Reaviz’

Email: kapkooo7@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-2021-1022

student

Russian Federation, 198099, Saint-Petersburg, Kalinina str. 8, cor. 2, lit. A

Alexandra Alekseevna Cherkasova

FGBU ‘Almazov NMIC’, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexandra_cher390@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-5166-2297

student

Russian Federation, 197341, Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Akkuratova str. 2

Kirill Pavlovich Raevsky

Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: raevskiykirill17@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9939-3443
SPIN-code: 9133-3802

postgraduate student, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine

Russian Federation, 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, Leninskie Gory, 1

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