Interaction of the Endocrine and Exocrine Parts of the Pancreas

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The pancreas plays a key role in the endocrine system of animals and in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The exocrine and endocrine pancreas are structurally separate from each other, but numerous studies suggest anatomical and functional connections between these parts. Previously, less attention was paid to these interactions, but the pancreas is now viewed as a single organ consisting of functionally related components that coordinates endocrine and exocrine responses. Our review examines the latest data indicating the functional connection and mutual influence of the endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas. In addition, we will also look at the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pancreatic function.

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A. Mostafa

GIGA Research Centre, Université de Liège

Email: deyevie@gmail.com
比利时, Liège

E. Gantsova

Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia

Email: deyevie@gmail.com

Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

O. Serova

Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: deyevie@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

T. Mohammad

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: deyevie@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

I. Deyev

Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: deyevie@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas. The anatomy of the pancreas includes both exocrine and endocrine parts: Exocrine cells secrete digestive enzymes and pancreatic juice into the small intestine, and endocrine cells secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels. This dual function of the pancreas is necessary to maintain optimal metabolism and proper digestion in the body.

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3. Fig. 2. Mechanisms of interaction of islets of Langerhans, duct cells and acinuses. While exocrine cells secrete pancreatic juice along with enzymes into the small intestine, endocrine cells secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. These hormones are vital for regulating blood sugar levels and work in coordination with digestive enzymes produced by exocrine cells to ensure proper digestion and absorption of nutrients. The interaction of these parts with each other ensures the regulation of these processes.

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