Pediatric COVID-19 Acute Encephalopathy and Mortality


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Sobre autores

Kam Hon

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital,

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Yok Tan

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Karen Leung

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Wing Cheung

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Wun Hui

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Fung Chung

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Alcy Torres

School of Medicine, Boston University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Bibliografia

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  2. Wilson SL, Wiysonge C. Social media and vaccine hesitancy. BMJ Glob Health 2020; 5(10): e004206. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004206 PMID: 33097547
  3. Hon KL, Leung KKY, Tang JW, Leung AKC, Li Y. COVID-19 in Hong Kong - Public health, food safety, and animal vectors perspectives. J Virol Methods 2021; 290: 114036. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.114036 PMID: 33285191
  4. Hon KL, Leung KKY. From influenza to COVID-19 vaccinations: Counselling anxious parents about deaths following influenza immunizations in Korea. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56(6): 1779-81. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25260 PMID: 33765351
  5. Nikolopoulou GB, Maltezou HC. COVID-19 in children: Where do we stand? Arch Med Res 2022; 53(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.07.002 PMID: 34311990
  6. Funk AL, Florin TA, Kuppermann N, et al. Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2-Positive youths tested in emergency departments: The global PERN-COVID-19 study. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5(1): e2142322. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.42322 PMID: 35015063
  7. Kim L, Whitaker M, O’Halloran A, et al. Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged
  8. Kompaniyets L, Agathis NT, Nelson JM, Preston LE, Ko JY, Belay B. Underlying medical conditions associated with severe COVID-19 Illness among children. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4(6): e2111182. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11182 PMID: 34097050
  9. Preston LE, Chevinsky JR, Kompaniyets L, et al. Characteristics and disease severity of us children and adolescents diagnosed with COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4(4): e215298. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5298 PMID: 33835179
  10. Havers FP, Whitaker M, Self JL, et al. Hospitalization of adolescents aged 12-17 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 - COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020-April 24, 2021. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021; 70(23): 851-7. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7023e1 PMID: 34111061
  11. Zachariah P, Johnson CL, Halabi KC, et al. Epidemiology, clinical features, and disease severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a Children’s Hospital in New York City, New York. JAMA Pediatr 2020; 174(10): e202430. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2430 PMID: 32492092
  12. Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health and the Hospital Authority. Statistics on 5th Wave of COVID-19. 2022.
  13. Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol 2020; 215: 108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427 PMID: 32325252
  14. Kim MG, Stein AA, Overby P, et al. Fatal cerebral edema in a child with COVID-19. Pediatr Neurol 2021; 114: 77-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.10.005 PMID: 33246133
  15. Ninan S, Thompson P, Gershon T, et al. Fatal pediatric COVID-19 case with seizures and fulminant cerebral edema. Child Neurol Open 2021; 2: 2329048X211022532. doi: 10.1177/2329048X211022532 PMID: 34179214
  16. Hon KL, Tsang YC, Chan LC, et al. Outcome of encephalitis in pediatric intensive care unit. Indian J Pediatr 2016; 83(10): 1098-103. doi: 10.1007/s12098-016-2068-4 PMID: 27053179
  17. Au CC, Hon KL, Leung AKC, Torres AR. Childhood infectious encephalitis: An overview of clinical features, investigations, treatment, and recent patents. Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov 2020; 14(2): 156-65. doi: 10.2174/1872213X14999201124195724 PMID: 33238854
  18. Leung KKY, Hon KL. Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome and COVID-19: Another novel syndrome? Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27(2): 161-2. doi: 10.12809/hkmj208681 PMID: 33843609
  19. Flood J, Shingleton J, Bennett E, Walker B, Amin-Chowdhury Z, Oligbu G. Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): Prospective, national surveillance, United Kingdom and Ireland, 2020. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2020; 3: 100075. doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100075 PMID: 34027512
  20. Hui WF, Leung KKY, Au CC, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute childhood encephalopathy in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Emerg Care 2022; 38(3): 115-20. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000002571 PMID: 35226619
  21. Thomson H. Covid-19 vaccines for kids. New Sci 2021; 250(3329): 8-9. doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(21)00582-0 PMID: 33867618
  22. Moghadas SM, Fitzpatrick MC, Shoukat A, Zhang K, Galvani AP. Simulated identification of silent COVID-19 infections among children and estimated future infection rates with vaccination. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4(4): e217097. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7097 PMID: 33890990
  23. Callaway E. COVID vaccines and kids: Five questions as trials begin. Nature 2021; 592(7856): 670-1. doi: 10.1038/d41586-021-01061-4 PMID: 33883716
  24. Hammond J, Leister-Tebbe H, Gardner A, et al. Oral nirmatrelvir for high-risk, nonhospitalized adults with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2022; 386(15): 1397-408. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2118542 PMID: 35172054
  25. Jayk Bernal A, Gomes da Silva MM, Musungaie DB, et al. Molnupiravir for oral treatment of Covid-19 in nonhospitalized patients. N Engl J Med 2022; 386(6): 509-20. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2116044 PMID: 34914868
  26. Pfizer. Pfizer Initiates Phase 2/3 Study of Novel COVID-19 Oral Treatment in Pediatric Participants. 2022.
  27. Hon KL, Leung KKY. Elimination, containment, and mitigation of COVID-19: A personal story about international travels. Curr Pediatr Rev 2022; Aug 23. doi: 10.2174/1573396318666220823152942
  28. Hon KL, Leung KKY. COVID-19 tests and international travel: How long will you test positive for SAR-CoV-2. Curr Respir Med Rev 2022. (In press).

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