Preparation and study of titanium alloy Ti–38Zr–9Nb (at. %) for medical purposes

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Abstract

Titanium and its alloys have a number of unique properties, such as high specific strength, corrosion resistance, non-toxicity and biocompatibility with human tissues. Due to these properties, they are widely used to create prosthetic joints for the human body. However, the material used for implants, VT6 (Ti–6Al–4V), can cause a stress shielding effect due to a higher elastic modulus (110 GPa) compared to human bone (<30 GPa). In addition, Al and V ions released from the VT6 alloy can cause health problems such as Alzheimer's disease, osteomalacia and neuropathy. Therefore, the development of titanium-based materials that are non-toxic and have mechanical properties corresponding to natural bone is an urgent task. In this paper, we study Ti–38Zr–9Nb (at. %) alloy ingots and plates obtained from them. Particular attention is paid to the homogeneity of the chemical composition, microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties. The ingots obtained as a result of the work are suitable for further pressure processing. Homogenizing annealing at a temperature of 1000°C for two hours destroys the dendritic structure of the alloy. After homogenizing annealing, the α'-phase completely dissolves in the β-phase, which is the main one for using the alloy in implants. The microstructure of the plates is uniform and consists of polyhedral β-grains. The grain size after rolling is approximately 100 μm. X-ray phase analysis showed that the alloy consists of metastable β-Ti stabilized by Nb and Zr. The Ti-38Zr-9Nb alloy has good mechanical properties, which make it a suitable material for medical purposes.

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M. A. Kaplan

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

S. V. Konushkin

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

K. V. Sergienko

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

A. D. Gorbenko

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

V. K. Zhidkov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

M. A. Volchikhina

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

T. M. Sevostyanova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 117513 Moscow

Ya. A. Morozova

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

A. Yu. Ivannikov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

M. G. Frolova

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

A. G. Kolmakov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru

Corresponding Member of the RAS

Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

M. A. Sevostyanov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: mishakaplan@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, 119334 Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Microstructure of the alloy: (a) after melting – the center of the ingot, (b) after melting – dendrites on the upper part of the ingot, (c) after melting and homogenizing annealing, (d) after melting, homogenizing annealing and quenching.

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3. Fig. 2. Distribution of elements across the cross-section of the Ti–38Zr–9Nb ingot.

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4. Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of Ti–38Zr–9Nb alloy: after melting (1), after melting and homogenizing annealing (2), after melting, homogenizing annealing and quenching (3), after rolling (4).

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5. Fig. 4. Microstructure of Ti–38Zr–9Nb plate after rolling: top view (a), side view (b).

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6. Fig. 5. Fractography of Ti–38Zr–9Nb alloy after studying mechanical properties.

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