Evaluation of social determinants of health, health status, and well-being among medical students

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: A healthy young generation is the foundation of Russia’s future. Evaluation of students’ health status, social determinants health, and well-being indicators is a relevant task.

AIM: To assess social determinants of health, health status, and well-being in medical university students.

METHODS: A survey was conducted among second-year (n = 197) and fifth-year (n = 125) students of the General Medicine Department at Voronezh State Medical University. The questionnaire consisted of four sections evaluating: study load and rest balance (11 questions), health status (15 questions), living and nutrition conditions (9 questions), determinants of health and well-being (10 questions). Additionally, a section on personal information was included. Responses were scored from 1 to 3, and a total score was calculated for each section. Students were categorized into low-, medium-, and high-risk subgroups based on their scores.

Statistical significance of differences in mean total scores was evaluated using Student’s t-test.

RESULTS: The overall assessment of social determinants of health, health status, and well-being indicated that none of the analyzed student groups (male and female, second- and fifth-year students) were categorized as high-risk based on questionnaire sections.

Statistically significant differences in group averages were identified only among female students for study load-rest balance (section 1) and health status (section 2).

Second-year female students had a statistically higher risk in certain sections compared to fifth-year students: in section 1, the mean total score was 23.6 ± 0.2 points for second-year students and 21.9 ± 0.3 points for fifth-year students, indicating a significantly higher study load burden among second-year students (t = 4.53 > tcrit = 1.98; p = 0.95); in section 2, the mean total score was 23.4 ± 0.4 points for second-year students and 21.8 ± 0.4 points for fifth-year students, demonstrating a statistically significant difference in self-reported health status, with second-year students being at a higher risk (t = 2.91 > tcrit = 1.98; p = 0.95).

CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the need for collaborative preventive programs between medical and educational institutions. These programs should focus on raising awareness about health-preserving behaviors, particularly among junior-year students.

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About the authors

Maksim V. Popov

Voronezh State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: sportandorthodox@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1480-4013
SPIN-code: 4302-5811
Russian Federation, Voronezh

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