Relationship between metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis in elderly patients.

Metabolic syndrome is a condition of the body characterized by abdominal obesity in combination with arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and impaired carbohydrate and lipid exchange. This syndrome is particularly common in people with first-degree relatives who have already been diagnosed with this syndrome, in the elderly, in particular postmenopausal women. The leading cause of a sharp increase in the frequency of cardiovascular accidents in this category is a sharp decrease in the level of estrogens with angioprotective effect. Another of the current problems of this age group is osteoporosis, one of the reasons for its development is now considered to be changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Chronic inflammation, which is an integral component of the metabolic syndrome, the irrational use of antibiotics, as well as antidiabetic drugs of the thiazolidinedione group, canagliflozin, and insulin, which are actively used in people with metabolic syndrome, conditions after gastrectomy, bariatric operations, malabsorption syndrome, atrophic gastritis, and other diseases can change not only the numerical composition of the microbiota, but also the ratio of metabolites produced by it, which can lead to the development of osteoporosis. Thus, the correction of the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota metabolites, including in individuals with metabolic syndrome, is currently of interest from the point of view of prevention and treatment of this disease.