Current epidemiological and surgical aspects of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a review

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Abstract

The review was performed across the Russian Science Citation Index and PubMed databases using the following keywords: "регматогенная отслойка сетчатки", "отслойка сетчатки", "витрэктомия", "факовитрэктомия", "rhegmatogenous retinal detachment", "retinal detachment", "vitrectomy", "phacovitrectomy".

The prevalence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in different countries varies quite greatly from 2.6 to 28.3 cases per 100,000 population, with a clear trend toward an increase in its incidence over the last few decades, which has been demonstrated by multiple studies. This trend is mainly attributed to two factors—increased life expectancy and high incidence of myopia. The main epidemiological risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment are age, male sex, high meteorological instability, and myopic refraction.

Currently, the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment usually includes vitrectomy, with phacovitrectomy or delayed cataract phacoemulsification being one of the leading subject of debate. Comparative studies of vitrectomy and phacovitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment demonstrate a comparable (88.7%–100%) rate of achieving anatomically complete retinal re-attachment. Also, the pattern and incidence of complications are similar for both surgical procedures for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Calculating the power of an intraocular lens in post-phacovitrectomy patients may be quite challenging. The refractive outcome is considered less predictable in these patients, which often leads to postoperative myopic overcorrection. To date, there is no clear evidence suggesting that vitrectomy should be the first standalone procedure or combined phacovitrectomy may be the best strategy.

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About the authors

Alexey V. Malyshev

Scientific Research Institute — Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital

Email: mavr189@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1448-9690
SPIN-code: 1381-6881

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Krasnodar

Sergey A. Sai

Scientific Research Institute — Ochapovsky Regional Clinic Hospital

Email: sergey_say93@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-5849-1988
SPIN-code: 8778-1319

MD

Russian Federation, Krasnodar

Aleksandr S. Golovin

Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital

Email: asgolovin1982@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4803-9241
SPIN-code: 7636-2314

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Igor G. Ovechkin

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: doctoro@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3996-1012
SPIN-code: 8074-1879

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Moscow

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