Vol 60, No 8 (2024)

The possibility of targeted electrodeposition of coatings in the lead-bismuth binary system is discussed. The analysis of metal content in electrodeposits was performed using square-wave stripping voltammetry of solutions simultaneously containing lead and bismuth. The obtained results were supported by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The electrodeposition conditions of obtaining Pb₇Bi₃ ε-phase, which is promising for the application in superconducting microelectronics, were found.

By the method of chloromethylation and further quaternization of polysulfone, the synthesis of an anion-exchange membrane for electrolyzers of water with an alkaline electrolyte was carried out. The characteristics of the resulting membrane are determined: porosity, electrical conductivity, gas density. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the membrane and the porous diaphragm (analog of ZifronPerl) is given, the results of tests in the composition of an alkaline electrolyzer battery in comparison with a porous diaphragm based on unmodified polysulfone with hydrophilic filler (TiO₂) synthesized by phase inversion are presented. A possible mechanism of degradation of the main chain of quaternized polysulfone is described. The ways of further development of the technology of anion-exchange membranes based on polysulfone are proposed.

In this work, an electrochemical study of the mechanism of electrooxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on a platinum electrode in acidic and alkaline solutions was carried out. On stationary polarization anodic curves taken within DMSO in an acidic and alkaline environment, the processing currents are processed manually than in dissolved light. When analyzing linear sections of anodic voltammograms, the values of the coefficients of the Tafel equation were achieved. This definition defines the current density measurement range and conditions for the electrooxidation of DMSO on a platinum (Pt) electrode. Electrolysis was carried out at controlled current densities in an electrolyzer without separation and with separation of the anode and cathode compartments using MK-40, MA-40 membranes and a fluoropolymer sulfcationite membrane MF-4SK. The high electrical conductivity and selectivity of the membranes ensures good performance of the electrolysis process and obtains a high-purity final product. Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have confirmed that the products of DMSO electrooxidation in an acidic environment are dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and in an alkaline environment DMSO₂ and sodium methanesulfonate. The method of quantum chemical calculations showed good adsorption of DMSO molecules on platinum within the framework of the cluster model. It has been established that the formation of MSA on the surface of a platinum electrode at high current densities occurs via the radical ion mechanism, by breaking the C–S bond. Based on the experimental results obtained, a scheme for the electrochemical oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide on platinum is proposed.