Email this article Role of longitudinal measurement of autoantibodies in predicting type 1 diabetes mellitus in children
- Authors: Korneva K.G.1, Chichevatov D.A.2, Strongin L.G.1, Zagainov V.E.1
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Affiliations:
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University
- Penza State University
- Pages: 458-469
- Section: Original Research Articles
- Submitted: 30.06.2025
- Accepted: 13.08.2025
- Published: 10.10.2025
- URL: https://medjrf.com/0869-2106/article/view/686278
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/medjrf686278
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/VEEOXM
- ID: 686278
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prediction of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) at the preclinical stage allows for timely initiation of preventive therapeutic interventions and may prevent disease progression.
AIM: This work aimed to evaluate the potential of predicting T1DM based on autoantibody concentrations and their changes.
METHODS: A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted in three regional children’s hospitals: in Nizhny Novgorod, the Chuvash Republic, and the Republic of Mari El. The study included children aged 0–18 years hospitalized with newly diagnosed T1DM between 2017 and 2020, as well as their healthy siblings (enrolled concurrently). Data from 517 participants were analyzed: 314 children with newly diagnosed T1DM and 203 healthy siblings. Regression modeling was applied for the analysis of repeated measurements. Antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatase, and zinc transporter 8 were determined.
RESULTS: Among healthy siblings, a high risk of developing T1DM was associated with: elevated baseline concentrations of all three antibodies (57.5–92 times higher than reference values on average); a significant and rapid decrease in glutamate decarboxylase and tyrosine phosphatase concentrations −23.29 and −43.3 IU/mL per month, respectively; and a slight and very slow decrease in zinc transporter 8 concentration −5.3 U/mL per month.
CONCLUSION: Modeling the longitudinal profiles of glutamate decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatase, and zinc transporter 8 may serve as the basis for the development of more advanced and precise diagnostic systems. This approach appears promising but requires further investigation.
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About the authors
Kseniya G. Korneva
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: ksenkor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3293-4636
SPIN-code: 5945-3266
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky sq, Nizhny Novgorod, 603000Dmitry A. Chichevatov
Penza State University
Email: chichevatov69@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6436-3386
SPIN-code: 9518-2170
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, PenzaLeonid G. Strongin
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Email: malstrong@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2645-2729
SPIN-code: 9641-8130
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, RussiaVladimir E. Zagainov
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Email: zagainov@mail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5769-0378
SPIN-code: 6477-0291
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Nizhny NovgorodReferences
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