Vol 19, No 4 (2013)

In Chuvashia, the prevalence of drug addiction in population is 2.57 times lower as compared with Russia and Privolzhskiy Federal okrug. Nevertheless, the trend of annual 4-5% increase of number of patients with drug addiction and cases of intoxication by psychoactive substances as well is still present. The comprehensive assessment of narcologic care and medical social rehabilitation of persons with drug abuse is presented. The implementation of the Republic target antidrug programs and results of activities in the field of prevention of non-medical use of psychoactive substances are described.

The article presents the analysis of effectiveness and safety of xenon inhalation therapy concurrently with reduction of psycho-pathologic disorders in 120 patients with syndrome of alcohol or opioid addiction in the period of acute withdrawal manifestation.

The comparative analysis of clinical, electrocardiographic and morphologic manifestations of alcoholic (50) and neuroleptic (80) cardiomyopathies in comparison with control group (100 patients without cardiologic pathology). The statistic and morphometric research techniques were applied on macroscopic and microscopic levels. The results revealed no valuable differences between studied types of pathology. The conclusion is made that neuroleptic cardiomyopathy alongside with alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a single nosology unit (disease) with IDC (10th revision) code 142.7 ("Cardiomyopathy, conditioned by impact of medications and other external factors").

The study was carried out to analyze motivation, stages of readiness to behavior changes, factors of compliance to treatment of alcohol addiction. The sampling included 50 male and female patients aged from 35 to 65 years with established diagnosis "alcohol addiction" (F10.2). The study revealed that first place among the motives which stimulated patient to visit physician for the purpose of formation of life-style of temperance was for "the issues at workplace - threat of discharge" with 55%. Among examined patients, 31.8% were at the first stage of readiness for behavior changes. The results approved that among patients with alcohol addiction taking into account the medical psychological aspects of compliance to treatment increases effectiveness of therapy and improve the quality of life.

The article presents the analysis of prevalence of alcohol and neurotic disorders, syndrome of emotional burning-out in 383 physicians working in medical institutions of city of Chita. The narcologic pathology related to alcohol consumption is established in 10.6% of cases, syndrome of alcohol dependence (2.6%) included.

The article presents the analysis of national and international scientific literature considering the issue of drug addiction and the complications related to intravascular introduction of various drug agents. The national tendency of increasing of percentage of persons with drug addiction is depicted. In Russia, according the official statistic data, 674 thousand citizens are taken various types of drug substances. In Moscow their number exceeds 35 thousand. Mainly, the drug addiction is a disease of young people. More and more adolescents and women are involved into process of narcotization. In Russia, about 60% of drug addicts are persons aged from 16 to 30 years. The ongoing increase of narcotization results in the increase of level of morbidity and mortality of young body-abled population. At that, among drug addicts 50.9% of terminal outcomes were caused by somatic disease. The data concerning different localization of vascular lesions is presented. In more than 50% the vessels of inguinal region are affected. Along with it, the lesions of shoulder and subclavicular arteries are presented too. The different considerations of researchers are proposed related to the mechanism of lesion of vascular wall impacting the different types of course of pathologic occurrences. It is noted that in drug addicts thrombosis of venous vessels has a non-embolic character. The causes of lower risk of pulmonary embolism in this category of patients are mentioned. The methods of radiologic diagnostic of vascular pathology in patients after intravascular introduction of drug substances are explained, including the comparative analysis of their reliability. Mostly, the factual cases of practice are described. Only several publications can be considered as a summary review. Hence, all negative factors occurring in case of lesion of blood vessels in drug addicts and their complications are rather actual issues of both angiosurgery and medicine in general. This condition testifies the need of comprehensive study of issues of diagnostic and treatment of this pathology. The benevolent outcome of pyo-septical complications in patients with drug addiction demands the development of rational approaches to diagnostic and treatment of this extremely severe category of patients.

The article considers the issue of hetero-aggressive behavior in women. The analysis of publication data is presented concerning epidemiology of psychic disorders diagnosed in women being in institutions of confinement. The relationship between aggressive behavior and presence of psychic pathology predisposing to aggression specifically addiction to psychoactive substances, is emphasized. The usage of psychoactive substances is an independent risk factor of aggression and results in adding more severety to present pathology hence supporting realization of aggressive behavior.