Vol 19, No 2 (2013)

The article discusses the results of analysis of medical social portrait of female patients of obstetric hospital. The evaluation of of quality of obstetric care was carried out using anonymous questionnaire survey.

The article deals with the results of prospective randomized study concerning the comparison of standard laparoscopic appendectomy and one-punctured trans umbilical appendectomy in case of acute appendicitis. The sample consisted of 88 patients. The characteristics of application of new low invasive procedure of appendectomy in comparison with standard laparoscopic appendectomy are described and analyzed. The optimal cut in case of transumbilical approach is proposed. The evaluation of application of different ports for common approach is given. The application of special instruments in various combinations is assessed. The optimal scheme of instruments and procedure of one-punctured appendectomy is developed. The measures of prevention of post-operative complications are proposed. The one-punctured transumbilical appendectomy can be used as an equivalent alternative of standard laparoscopic appendectomy in cases of non-complicated acute appendicitis.

The article demonstrates that in patients with oncologic diseases against the background of inflammatory diseases of organs of pelvis minor during applied therapy Trichomonas vaginalis can be located both on the mucous membranes of genitalia and in peripheral blood. The results of microscopic analysis are presented concerning the morphologic characteristics of T.vaginalis separated from peripheral blood of patients with oncologic diseases of genitalia and mammary glands. The comprehensive kit of laboratory procedures was applied. The procedure of fermentative hemolysis of blood makes it possible to distinguish between trichomonad and blood cells. The indirect reaction of immunofluorescence can be applied as an express-test of diagnostic of unusual course of trichomonad infection in female patients with oncologic diseases of genitalia and mammary glands.

The modern keratotrtansplantology is characterized by annual increase of keratoplastic application. Besides, the issue of lacking of transplantation material is of major actuality for all countries and especially the Russian Federation. As a result, the rational application of donor tissue becomes an integral task of keratotranplantologist. The possibility of cutting out Descemet’s membrane with endothelium from end-to-end cornea disc of patient acquired during end-to-end keratoplastics to implement DMEK is demonstrated in vivo. The proposed source of transplant tissue is characterized by relative availability and higher density of endothelium cells. This kind of approach has no requirements in additional research studies, time and conservation of transplant tissue.

The article presents the data concerning the complex treatment of 105 children suffering of residual chronic cystitis from department of nephrology of the Russian children clinical hospital. All children passed full nephrologic urologic examination. The biopsy of granules of mucous membrane of urinary bladder was applied to 6 girls with granular chronic cystitis. The detection with electronic microscopy in urothelium of these biopsy materials the intranuclear inclusions similar to large viruses jointly with the results of virus examination made it possible to suspect the involvement of viruses of primarily of herpetic group in etiology of granular cystitis in children. The children besides the courses of antibacterial pharmaceuticals and physiotherapy received intravesical therapy in the form of instillation of urinary bladder with various preparations. The involvement of antiviral preparations (derivatives of interferon and interferon inductors) into the therapy applied to children with residual course of granular cystitis and inclusion of antiviral active chlorhexidine into intravesical therapy promoted more rapid onset of clinical laboratory remission.

The article proposes an introduction into problem of stromal cells of mucous membrane of intestinal tract. The types and structural molecular characteristics of stromal cells are presented including their identification, origin in embryonic life and after birth. The physiologic importance of stromal elements is discussed including their plastic possibilities, ability to transit into epithelial cells and transformation of epithelial stem cells into stromal cells. The relationship of intestinal stromal cells with bone marrow, mesenchymal stem elements and hematopoietic stem cells is demonstrated. The importance of stromal cells in the formation of stem epithelial cells’ niche in many ways relating to tolerogenic activity of stromal elements is emphasized. The secretion profile of stromal cells, its regulation and importance for reparative processes in case of chronic inflammation of intestine are discussed on the example of fibroblasts/miofibroblasts. The conclusion is made that intestinal cells of stroma can be used for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of intestine which are resistant to common and cytokine therapy.